为什么说Mock是测试界的“照妖镜”？3个场景让你秒懂_千锋教育

from unittest.mock import Mock

# 创建一个Mock对象，模拟支付接口
payment_gateway = Mock()
payment_gateway.charge.return_value = {"status": "success", "transaction_id": "12345"}

# 测试代码
def process_order(payment_gw, amount):
    result = payment_gw.charge(amount)
    if result["status"] == "success":
        return "Order confirmed"
    return "Payment failed"

# 使用Mock进行测试
print(process_order(payment_gateway, 100))  # 输出：Order confirmed

from unittest.mock import Mock
import requests

# 原始鉴权函数（真实场景中调用外部认证服务）
def authenticate(token):
    # 假设真实调用：response = requests.post("https://auth.example.com/verify", json={"token": token})
    # 这里用Mock替代
    auth_service = Mock()
    auth_service.verify_token.return_value = {"user_id": 123, "role": "admin"}
    return auth_service.verify_token(token)

# 测试接口
def get_user_profile(token):
    auth_result = authenticate(token)
    if auth_result["role"] == "admin":
        return {"name": "John", "age": 30}
    return {"error": "Unauthorized"}

# 测试用例：使用Mock绕过真实鉴权
def test_get_user_profile():
    mock_token = "fake_token_123"
    result = get_user_profile(mock_token)
    assert result["name"] == "John"
    print("鉴权Mock测试通过！")

test_get_user_profile()  # 输出：鉴权Mock测试通过！

from unittest.mock import Mock
import json

# 模拟支付网关回调
def mock_payment_callback(status, transaction_id):
    callback_data = {
        "status": status,
        "transaction_id": transaction_id,
        "amount": 99.99
    }
    # 模拟发送回调请求到你的接口
    # 真实场景：requests.post("https://your-api.com/payment/callback", json=callback_data)
    # 这里直接调用处理函数
    return process_callback(callback_data)

# 回调处理函数
def process_callback(data):
    if data["status"] == "success":
        return {"message": "Payment confirmed", "order_id": 456}
    elif data["status"] == "failed":
        return {"message": "Payment failed", "error": "Insufficient funds"}
    else:
        return {"message": "Unknown status"}

# 测试用例：模拟成功回调
def test_success_callback():
    result = mock_payment_callback("success", "txn_001")
    assert result["message"] == "Payment confirmed"
    print("成功回调测试通过！")

# 测试用例：模拟失败回调
def test_failed_callback():
    result = mock_payment_callback("failed", "txn_002")
    assert result["message"] == "Payment failed"
    print("失败回调测试通过！")

test_success_callback()  # 输出：成功回调测试通过！
test_failed_callback()   # 输出：失败回调测试通过！

from unittest.mock import Mock

# 真实数据库查询函数（被Mock替代）
def query_database(sql):
    # 真实场景：cursor.execute(sql)
    # 这里用Mock模拟返回数据
    mock_db = Mock()
    mock_db.fetchall.return_value = [
        {"order_id": 1, "amount": 100.0},
        {"order_id": 2, "amount": 200.0}
    ]
    return mock_db.fetchall()

# 业务逻辑函数
def get_user_orders(user_id):
    sql = f"SELECT * FROM orders WHERE user_id = {user_id}"
    orders = query_database(sql)
    total_amount = sum(order["amount"] for order in orders)
    return {"order_count": len(orders), "total": total_amount}

# 测试用例
def test_get_user_orders():
    result = get_user_orders(123)
    assert result["order_count"] == 2
    assert result["total"] == 300.0
    print("数据库Mock测试通过！")

test_get_user_orders()  # 输出：数据库Mock测试通过！