10分钟搞定REST API负载测试，效率提升80%的K6秘籍_千锋教育

import http from 'k6/http';
import { sleep, check } from 'k6';

export default function () {
  // 发送GET请求
  let res = http.get('https://test-api.example.com/users');
  
  // 检查响应状态
  check(res, {
    'status is 200': (r) => r.status === 200,
    'response time < 500ms': (r) => r.timings.duration < 500,
  });

  sleep(1);
}

brew install k6

sudo apt-get install k6

k6 version

export const options = {
  stages: [
    { duration: '30s', target: 100 },  // 30秒内从0升到100用户
    { duration: '1m', target: 100 },   // 保持100用户1分钟
    { duration: '30s', target: 0 },    // 30秒内降到0
  ],
  thresholds: {
    http_req_duration: ['p(95)<500'],  // 95%请求响应时间小于500ms
    http_req_failed: ['rate<0.01'],    // 失败率小于1%
  },
};

import http from 'k6/http';
import { check } from 'k6';

export default function () {
  // 1. 登录
  let loginRes = http.post('https://api.example.com/login', {
    username: 'test_user',
    password: 'test_pass',
  });
  check(loginRes, { 'login success': (r) => r.status === 200 });
  
  let token = loginRes.json('token');

  // 2. 获取用户信息
  let userRes = http.get('https://api.example.com/user', {
    headers: { 'Authorization': `Bearer ${token}` },
  });
  check(userRes, { 'user data fetched': (r) => r.status === 200 });

  // 3. 提交订单
  let orderRes = http.post('https://api.example.com/orders', {
    product_id: 123,
    quantity: 1,
  }, {
    headers: { 'Authorization': `Bearer ${token}` },
  });
  check(orderRes, { 'order created': (r) => r.status === 201 });
}

k6 run script.js

k6 run --out json=results.json script.js
k6 report results.json

name: Performance Test
on: [push, pull_request]

jobs:
  k6-test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - name: Run K6 test
        uses: grafana/k6-action@v0.3.0
        with:
          filename: tests/performance.js
          flags: --out json=results.json
      - name: Upload results
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
        with:
          name: k6-results
          path: results.json

import papaparse from 'https://jslib.k6.io/papaparse/5.1.1/index.js';
import { SharedArray } from 'k6/data';

const csvData = new SharedArray('users', function () {
  return papaparse.parse(open('./users.csv'), { header: true }).data;
});

export default function () {
  const user = csvData[Math.floor(Math.random() * csvData.length)];
  let res = http.post('https://api.example.com/login', {
    username: user.username,
    password: user.password,
  });
  check(res, { 'login success': (r) => r.status === 200 });
}

k6 run -o output-influxdb=http://localhost:8086/k6 script.js

import http from 'k6/http';
import { check, sleep } from 'k6';

export const options = {
  vus: 1000,
  duration: '5m',
  thresholds: {
    http_req_duration: ['p(95)<2000'],
    http_req_failed: ['rate<0.05'],
  },
};

export default function () {
  // 获取商品列表
  let products = http.get('https://api.example.com/products').json();
  let productId = products[Math.floor(Math.random() * products.length)].id;

  // 创建订单
  let orderRes = http.post('https://api.example.com/orders', {
    product_id: productId,
    quantity: 1,
    address: 'Test Address',
  });
  
  check(orderRes, {
    'order created': (r) => r.status === 201,
    'response time < 1s': (r) => r.timings.duration < 1000,
  });

  sleep(0.5);
}

// 预热阶段
export function setup() {
  http.get('https://api.example.com/warmup');
}

import { group } from 'k6';

export default function () {
  group('用户登录', function () { /* ... */ });
  group('浏览商品', function () { /* ... */ });
  group('提交订单', function () { /* ... */ });
}